"In Company G, there are a handful of names that are apparently phonetic spellings of Indian names and a few that appear to be Anglicized Indian names, e.g. "Chief, Joseph" is likely "Chief Joseph". Also some names that appear French which may be Osage surnames. "
I'm researching the Osage involvement in the war, and that's an interesting thought. From all that I've been able to find, it seems that those Osages who volunteered with the Union all ended up in the 9th Kansas (discounting the brief stint in the 2nd IHG).
Might be able to cross reference some of those names with tribal roles and go from there. If so, that definitely adds another crinkle to my research.