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Richmond, at one time in the war, had as many as 28 military hospitals. Working there, as cooks, nurses, attendants, aids, and ambulance men of ambulance trains and canal boats were African Americans- free and slave. All under direction of Confederate surgeons. The numbers and records of each are amazing.

"Medical regulations {Confederate} permitted the admission of wounded Negroes into the receiving hospital {those nearest the railroad terminal} if medical attention could not be secured elsewhere. Of 72 admitted in 1863, four slaves - Richard, Spain, Henry, and William- were treated for gunshot wounds.

Ref: {Confederate Medical } Record Book, General Hospital No. 9, Richmond, Virginia, vol. 110, pp 303-304. Paragraph 46 of the Medical Regulations provided that officers were to attend hired Negroes at stations where other medical attention could not be received.