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Re: Pvt. John A. NICHOLDS, CSA
In Response To: Re: Pvt. John A. NICHOLDS, CSA ()

It has been some years since I researched this episode and refer to my notes. Rather than elaborate too much to what is already noted, I would refer all to the OR Series II Vol. VII pg.1061--Special Order No. 277. This communication of October 6, 1864 does not order any executions of Confederates but the fears that Wilson was already dead were obvious. My opinion on Lincoln not being consulted on the execution of rebels in retaliation to the Wilson killing is based on experience with the Military Commissions held in Missouri for trial of civilians, p.o.w.'s, and the like that came before them. Before a sentence of death could be implemented, Lincoln was sent data on the trial testimony for him to uphold the sentence of death or suggest a milder sentence which he frequently did often considering facts not in evidence. Cases were sent to Lincoln in bulk, based on the number heard before a certain Commission and in some situations I have seen fully 75% of the so-convicted were not executed. Anyway, as no trial was held on those Confederates held responsible for the Wilson, etal. killings then the regulations probably did not demand Lincoln's review. Considering Lincoln's stance at this stage of the War---he likely would not have allowed them to take place.

As to the Wolf, see OR Series I Vol. LXI Part IV pg. 310 Col. Dubois to Acting Pro. Mar. Gen. Darr 10/29/1864. Dubois wanted to execute a captured Major at his station. This, if accomplished, would have eliminated the fanfare desired in St. Louis when Wolf was chosen instead. I believe it has been widely quoted that it was the civilian population in St. Louis who persuaded Lincoln to stay his planned execution. Much on this is in Wolf's Compiled Service Records as I recall. I also, unfortunately, recall substantial consternation amongst some readers who criticized my conclusions--not willing to publish their own version of the facts. I do not want to relive those episodes.

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Pvt. John A. NICHOLDS, CSA
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