I do take issue with the statement that blacks were forced to accompany their masters to war. The reality is not so clear cut. The best refutation comes from the fact that so few attempted to escape when the army invaded Pennsylvania in summer 1863, although they certainly had ample opportunity. Here are three examples: 1) Private Henry Pipes of the Fourth Company, Washington (Louisiana) Artillery wrote: While passing through Chambersburg circa 27 June, my valet, Henry, some distance behind me, gave a hearty laugh. A woman on the front porch of her house tried to persuade him to leave me and go back home. She offered him $100 in cash, his ticket and a new set of clothes. He told her he was going to stay with his boss and if he were killed, he was going to take his body home, but Henry was not for sale. 2) Major General Dorsey Pender wrote to his wife: Joe enters into the invasion with much gusto and is quite active in looking up hidden property. In fact the negroes seem to have more feeling in the matter than the white men and have come to the conclusion that they will impress horses, etc. to any amount. Columbus is laying in stock for his sweetheart and sisters. 3) Surgeon Spencer Glasgow Welch, while passing through Franklin County, PA in late June, wrote: My servant, Wilson, says he doesn’t like Pennsylvania at all, because he saw “no black folks.”