The 46th Arkansas Mounted Infantry (usually referred to as the 46th Arkansas Cavalry) was one of a half-dozen regiments organized in northeast Arkansas in the Spring and Summer of 1864, which were earmarked to accompany Sterling Price on his invasion of Missouri later that Fall. The Missouri Campaign was the only significant action that the 46th Arkansas participated in. It suffered severe losses in Missouri (less than a hundred men are known to have remained with the colors when the regiment come back -- many more are presumed to have straggled back individually), and was pretty much combat-ineffective for the rest of the war.

The companies were recruited in Greene, Independence, Jackson, Van Buren and White counties.